{"id":6070,"date":"2023-10-29T10:40:23","date_gmt":"2023-10-29T05:10:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/python-programs.com\/?p=6070"},"modified":"2023-11-10T12:06:06","modified_gmt":"2023-11-10T06:36:06","slug":"find-frequency-of-each-character-in-string-and-their-indices-and-finding-duplicate-characters-in-a-string","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/python-programs.com\/find-frequency-of-each-character-in-string-and-their-indices-and-finding-duplicate-characters-in-a-string\/","title":{"rendered":"Find Frequency of Each Character in String and their Indices and Finding Duplicate Characters in a String"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>String:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A string is a group of alphabets, words, or other characters. It is a primitive data structure that serves as the foundation for data manipulation. Python has a string class called str. Strings in Python are &#8220;immutable,&#8221; which means they can&#8217;t be modified once they&#8217;re formed. Because of the immutability of strings, we generate new strings as we go to represent computed values.<\/p>\n<p>Given\u00a0 a string, the task is to find frequency of each character in a string .<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Input:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre>string = \"hello this is btech geeks online learning platform for underguate students\"<\/pre>\n<p><strong>Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre id=\"codeOutputPre\">Frequency of each character of the string is :\r\nThe frequency of character h is = 3\r\nThe frequency of character e is = 9\r\nThe frequency of character l is = 5\r\nThe frequency of character o is = 4\r\nThe frequency of character   is = 10\r\nThe frequency of character t is = 6\r\nThe frequency of character i is = 4\r\nThe frequency of character s is = 5\r\nThe frequency of character b is = 1\r\nThe frequency of character c is = 1\r\nThe frequency of character g is = 3\r\nThe frequency of character k is = 1\r\nThe frequency of character n is = 6\r\nThe frequency of character a is = 3\r\nThe frequency of character r is = 4\r\nThe frequency of character p is = 1\r\nThe frequency of character f is = 2\r\nThe frequency of character m is = 1\r\nThe frequency of character u is = 3\r\nThe frequency of character d is = 2<\/pre>\n<h2>Finding count of Each Character in a String and their Indices and Finding Duplicate Characters in a given String<\/h2>\n<p>There are several ways to find frequency of each character in a string some of them are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"#Using_Counter()_function_to_print_frequency_of_each_character_in_given_string\">Using Counter() function to print frequency of each character in given string<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#Using_regex_to_find_frequency_and_indices_of_all_characters_in_a_string\">Using regex to find frequency and indices of all characters in a string<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"#Using_Counter_to_find_Duplicate_characters_in_the_given_string\">Using Counter to find Duplicate characters in the given string<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 id=\"Using_Counter()_function_to_print_frequency_of_each_character_in_given_string\">1)Using Counter() function\u00a0 to print frequency of each character in given string<\/h3>\n<p>Counter is a subclass of dict and a set. Counter() takes an iterable object as an argument and stores its elements as keys and their frequencies as values. As a result, if we transfer a string in collections. Counter() will then return a Counter class object with all characters in the string as keys and their frequency in the string as values.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Below is the implementation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\"># importing Counter function from collections\r\nfrom collections import Counter\r\n# Given string\r\nstring = \"hello this is btech geeks online learning platform for underguate students\"\r\n# Using counter() function to calculate frequency of each character of the string\r\nfreq = Counter(string)\r\nprint(\"Frequency of each character of the string is :\")\r\n# Traverse the freq dictionary and print their respective count\r\nfor key in freq:\r\n    print(\"The frequency of character\", key, \"is =\", freq[key])\r\n<\/pre>\n<p><strong>Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre id=\"codeOutputPre\">Frequency of each character of the string is :\r\nThe frequency of character h is = 3\r\nThe frequency of character e is = 9\r\nThe frequency of character l is = 5\r\nThe frequency of character o is = 4\r\nThe frequency of character   is = 10\r\nThe frequency of character t is = 6\r\nThe frequency of character i is = 4\r\nThe frequency of character s is = 5\r\nThe frequency of character b is = 1\r\nThe frequency of character c is = 1\r\nThe frequency of character g is = 3\r\nThe frequency of character k is = 1\r\nThe frequency of character n is = 6\r\nThe frequency of character a is = 3\r\nThe frequency of character r is = 4\r\nThe frequency of character p is = 1\r\nThe frequency of character f is = 2\r\nThe frequency of character m is = 1\r\nThe frequency of character u is = 3\r\nThe frequency of character d is = 2<\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"Using_regex_to_find_frequency_and_indices_of_all_characters_in_a_string\">2)Using regex to find frequency and indices of all characters in a string<\/h3>\n<p>We will construct a regex pattern to fit all of the alphanumeric characters in the string,<\/p>\n<p>Make a Regex pattern that matches alphanumeric characters.<\/p>\n<p><code class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"generic\">regex_Pattern = re.compile('[a-zA-Z0-9]')<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Iterate over all of the above-mentioned pattern matches in the string using pattern.<\/p>\n<p><strong>finditer()<\/strong> and generate dictionaries of each character&#8217;s frequency count and index position in the string.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Below is the implementation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\">import re\r\n# Given string\r\nstring = \"hello this is btech geeks online learning platform for underguate students\"\r\n# regex pattern\r\nregex_Pattern = re.compile('[a-zA-Z0-9]')\r\n# Iterate through the string's alphanumeric characters which matches the regex pattern\r\n# While iterating, keep the frequency count of each character in a dictionary updated.\r\nmatchiterator = regex_Pattern.finditer(string)\r\ncharfrequency = {}\r\nindices = {}\r\nfor matchchar in matchiterator:\r\n    charfrequency[matchchar.group()] = charfrequency.get(\r\n        matchchar.group(), 0) + 1\r\n    indices[matchchar.group()] = indices.get(\r\n        matchchar.group(), []) + [matchchar.start()]\r\nprint(\"Frequency and indices of each character in the string is :\")\r\n# Traverse the charfrquency dictionary and print their respective count and indices\r\nfor key in charfrequency:\r\n    print(\"The frequency of character\", key, \"is =\",\r\n          charfrequency[key], \" ; Indices of occurrence = \", indices[key])\r\n<\/pre>\n<p><strong>Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre id=\"codeOutputPre\">Frequency and indices of each character in the string is :\r\nThe frequency of character h is = 3  ; Indices of occurrence =  [0, 7, 18]\r\nThe frequency of character e is = 9  ; Indices of occurrence =  [1, 16, 21, 22, 31, 34, 58, 64, 70]\r\nThe frequency of character l is = 5  ; Indices of occurrence =  [2, 3, 28, 33, 43]\r\nThe frequency of character o is = 4  ; Indices of occurrence =  [4, 26, 47, 52]\r\nThe frequency of character t is = 6  ; Indices of occurrence =  [6, 15, 45, 63, 67, 72]\r\nThe frequency of character i is = 4  ; Indices of occurrence =  [8, 11, 29, 38]\r\nThe frequency of character s is = 5  ; Indices of occurrence =  [9, 12, 24, 66, 73]\r\nThe frequency of character b is = 1  ; Indices of occurrence =  [14]\r\nThe frequency of character c is = 1  ; Indices of occurrence =  [17]\r\nThe frequency of character g is = 3  ; Indices of occurrence =  [20, 40, 60]\r\nThe frequency of character k is = 1  ; Indices of occurrence =  [23]\r\nThe frequency of character n is = 6  ; Indices of occurrence =  [27, 30, 37, 39, 56, 71]\r\nThe frequency of character a is = 3  ; Indices of occurrence =  [35, 44, 62]\r\nThe frequency of character r is = 4  ; Indices of occurrence =  [36, 48, 53, 59]\r\nThe frequency of character p is = 1  ; Indices of occurrence =  [42]\r\nThe frequency of character f is = 2  ; Indices of occurrence =  [46, 51]\r\nThe frequency of character m is = 1  ; Indices of occurrence =  [49]\r\nThe frequency of character u is = 3  ; Indices of occurrence =  [55, 61, 68]\r\nThe frequency of character d is = 2  ; Indices of occurrence =  [57, 69]<\/pre>\n<h3 id=\"Using_Counter_to_find_Duplicate_characters_in_the_given_string\">3)Using Counter to find Duplicate characters in the given string<\/h3>\n<p>Now, use collections to find all of the duplicate characters in this string. Counter() is used to determine the frequency of of character in a string, and characters with a frequency greater than 1 are considered duplicates.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Below is the implementation:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre class=\"EnlighterJSRAW\" data-enlighter-language=\"python\"># importing Counter function from collections\r\nfrom collections import Counter\r\n# Given string\r\nstring = \"hello this is btech geeks online learning platform for underguate students\"\r\n# Using counter() function to calculate frequency of each character of the string\r\nfreq = Counter(string)\r\nprint(\"Printing duplicate characters in the given string :\")\r\n# Traverse the freq dictionary and print the duplicate characters\r\nfor key in freq:\r\n    # if the freq of character is greater than 1 then it is duplicate character so we print it\r\n    if(freq[key] &gt; 1):\r\n        print(key)\r\n<\/pre>\n<p><strong>Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n<pre id=\"codeOutputPre\">Printing duplicate characters in the given string :\r\nh\r\ne\r\nl\r\no\r\n \r\nt\r\ni\r\ns\r\ng\r\nn\r\na\r\nr\r\nf\r\nu\r\nd<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\n<strong>Related Programs<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/python-programs.com\/count-occurrences-of-a-single-or-multiple-characters-in-string-and-find-their-index-positions\/\">count occurrences of a single or multiple characters in string and find their index positions<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/python-programs.com\/java-program-to-find-the-frequency-of-character-in-a-string\/\">java program to find the frequency of character in a string<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/python-programs.com\/python-find-unique-values-in-a-numpy-array-with-frequency-and-indices\/\">python find unique values in a numpy array with frequency and indices<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/python-programs.com\/find-and-replace-all-occurrences-of-a-sub-string-in-cpp\/\">find and replace all occurrences of a sub string in cpp<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/python-programs.com\/python-program-to-calculate-the-number-of-words-and-the-number-of-characters-present-in-a-string\/\">python program to calculate the number of words and the number of characters present in a string<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/python-programs.com\/python-capitalize-the-first-letter-of-each-word-in-a-string\/\">python capitalize the first letter of each word in a string<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/python-programs.com\/check-the-first-or-last-character-of-a-string-in-python\/\">check the first or last character of a string in python<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>String: A string is a group of alphabets, words, or other characters. It is a primitive data structure that serves as the foundation for data manipulation. Python has a string class called str. Strings in Python are &#8220;immutable,&#8221; which means they can&#8217;t be modified once they&#8217;re formed. Because of the immutability of strings, we generate &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/python-programs.com\/find-frequency-of-each-character-in-string-and-their-indices-and-finding-duplicate-characters-in-a-string\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Find Frequency of Each Character in String and their Indices and Finding Duplicate Characters in a String<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":6077,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"spay_email":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_is_tweetstorm":false,"jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v18.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Find Frequency of Each Character in String and their Indices and Finding Duplicate Characters in a String - Python Programs<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/python-programs.com\/find-frequency-of-each-character-in-string-and-their-indices-and-finding-duplicate-characters-in-a-string\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Find Frequency of Each Character in String and their Indices and Finding Duplicate Characters in a String - Python Programs\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"String: A string is a group of alphabets, words, or other characters. 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It is a primitive data structure that serves as the foundation for data manipulation. Python has a string class called str. Strings in Python are &#8220;immutable,&#8221; which means they can&#8217;t be modified once they&#8217;re formed. 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