Program to Display a Lower Triangular Matrix

Python Program to Display a Lower Triangular Matrix

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In the previous article, we have discussed Python Program to Find the Sum of all Diagonal Elements of a Matrix

Given a matrix and the task is to display the lower triangular matrix of the given matrix in Python.

What is a matrix:

A matrix is a rectangular sequence of numbers divided into columns and rows. A matrix element or entry is a number that appears in a matrix.

Example:

Above is the matrix which contains 5 rows and 4 columns and having elements from 1 to 20.

In this order, the dimensions of a matrix indicate the number of rows and columns.

Here as there are 5 rows and 4 columns it is called a 5*4 matrix.

Lower Triangular Matrix:

A lower triangular matrix is one that has all of its upper triangular elements equal to zero. In other words, all non-zero elements are on the main diagonal or in the lower triangle.

Examples:

Example1:

Input:

Given Matrix :
5 3 2
6 1 5
4 8 2

Output:

The Lower Triangular matrix of the given matrix is :
5 0 0 
6 1 0 
4 8 2

Example2:

Input:

Given Matrix :
1 2 3
6 5 4
7 8 9

Output:

The Lower Triangular matrix of the given matrix is :
1 0 0 
6 5 0 
7 8 9

Program to Display a Lower Triangular Matrix in Python

Below are the ways to display the lower triangular matrix of the given matrix in Python:

Method #1: Using For Loop (Static Input)

Approach:

  • Give the matrix as static input and store it in a variable.
  • Calculate the number of rows of the given matrix by calculating the length of the nested list using the len() function and store it in a variable mtrxrows.
  • Calculate the number of columns of the given matrix by calculating the length of the first list in the nested list using the len() function and store it in a variable mtrxcolums.
  • Loop till the given number of rows using the For loop.
  • Inside the For loop, Iterate till the given number of columns using another Nested For loop(Inner For loop).
  • Check if the condition n is less than m using the if conditional statement where n is the iterator value of the parent For loop and m is the iterator value of the inner For loop.
  • If the statement is true, then print 0.
  • Else Print the element of the matrix by printing gvnmatrix[n][m] value.
  • The Exit of the Program.

Below is the implementation:

# Give the matrix as static input and store it in a variable.
mtrx = [[5, 3, 2], [6, 1, 5], [4, 8, 2]]
# Calculate the number of rows of the given matrix by
# calculating the length of the nested list using the len() function
# and store it in a variable mtrxrows.
mtrxrows = len(mtrx)
# Calculate the number of columns of the given matrix by
# calculating the length of the first list in the nested list
# using the len() function and store it in a variable mtrxcols.
mtrxcols = len(mtrx[0])
print("The Lower Triangular matrix of the given matrix is :")
# To print all the elements of the given matrix.
# Loop till the given number of rows using the For loop.
for n in range(mtrxrows):
        # Inside the For loop, Iterate till the given number of columns using another
        # Nested For loop(Inner For loop).
    for m in range(mtrxcols):
      # Check if the condition n is less than m using the if conditional statement where n
      # is the iterator value of the parent For loop and m is the iterator value of the
      # inner For loop.
        if n < m:
          # If the statement is true, then print 0.
            print("0 ", end="")
        else:
          # Else Print the element of the matrix by printing gvnmatrix[n][m] value.
            print(mtrx[n][m], end=" ")
    print()

Output:

The Lower Triangular matrix of the given matrix is :
5 0 0 
6 1 0 
4 8 2

Method #2: Using For loop (User Input)

Approach:

  • Give the number of rows of the matrix as user input using the int(input()) function and store it in a variable.
  • Give the number of columns of the matrix as user input using the int(input()) function and store it in another variable.
  • Take a list and initialize it with an empty value using [] or list() to say gvnmatrix.
  • Loop till the given number of rows using the For loop
  • Inside the For loop, Give all the row elements of the given Matrix as a list using the list(),map(),int(),split() functions and store it in a variable.
  • Add the above row elements list to gvnmatrix using the append() function.
  • Loop till the given number of rows using the For loop.
  • Inside the For loop, Iterate till the given number of columns using another Nested For loop(Inner For loop).
  • Check if the condition n is less than m using the if conditional statement where n is the iterator value of the parent For loop and m is the iterator value of the inner For loop.
  • If the statement is true, then print 0.
  • Else Print the element of the matrix by printing gvnmatrix[n][m] value.
  • The Exit of the Program.

Below is the implementation:

# Give the number of rows of the matrix as user input using the int(input()) function
# and store it in a variable.
mtrxrows = int(input('Enter some random number of rows of the matrix = '))
# Give the number of columns of the matrix as user input using the int(input()) function
# and store it in another variable.
mtrxcols = int(input('Enter some random number of columns of the matrix = '))
# Take a list and initialize it with an empty value using [] or list() to say gvnmatrix.
mtrx = []
# Loop till the given number of rows using the For loop
for n in range(mtrxrows):
    # Inside the For loop, Give all the row elements of the given Matrix as a list using
    # the list(),map(),int(),split() functions and store it in a variable.
    l = list(map(int, input(
        'Enter {'+str(mtrxcols)+'} elements of row {'+str(n+1)+'} separated by spaces = ').split()))
    # Add the above row elements list to gvnmatrix using the append() function.

    mtrx.append(l)
    
print("The Lower Triangular matrix of the given matrix is :")
# To print all the elements of the given matrix.
# Loop till the given number of rows using the For loop.
for n in range(mtrxrows):
        # Inside the For loop, Iterate till the given number of columns using another
        # Nested For loop(Inner For loop).
    for m in range(mtrxcols):
      # Check if the condition n is less than m using the if conditional statement where n
      # is the iterator value of the parent For loop and m is the iterator value of the
      # inner For loop.
        if n < m:
          # If the statement is true, then print 0.
            print("0 ", end="")
        else:
          # Else Print the element of the matrix by printing gvnmatrix[n][m] value.
            print(mtrx[n][m], end=" ")
    print()

Output:

Enter some random number of rows of the matrix = 3
Enter some random number of columns of the matrix = 3
Enter {3} elements of row {1} separated by spaces = 1 2 3 
Enter {3} elements of row {2} separated by spaces = 6 5 4
Enter {3} elements of row {3} separated by spaces = 7 8 9
The Lower Triangular matrix of the given matrix is :
1 0 0 
6 5 0 
7 8 9

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