# Python Program for Exponential Squaring (Fast Modulo Multiplication)

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Given two numbers base value and the exponential value, the task is to find the power of base and exponent modular 10^9+7

Examples:

Example1:

Input:

Given base value =  5
Given exponent value = 3

Output:

The value of the power of base and exponent modular 10^9+7 =  125

Example2:

Input:

Given base value =  3
Given exponent value = 10000

Output:

The value of the power of base and exponent modular 10^9+7 =  895629451

## Program for Exponential Squaring (Fast Modulo Multiplication) in Python

Below are the ways to find the power of base and exponent modular 10^9+7 for the given base and exponential values:

### Method #1: Using While Loop (Static Input)

Approach:

• Give the base value as static input and store it in a variable.
• Give the exponential value as static input and store it in another variable.
• Pass the given base and exponential values as the arguments to the exponentl_squaring() function and store it in a variable.
• Take a variable to say numb and initialize its value with 1000000007(10^9+7).
• Create a function to say exponentl_squaring() which takes the given two base and exponential values as the arguments and returns the value of the power of base and exponent modular 10^9+7.
• Inside the function, take a variable say p, and initialize its value to 1.
• Loop until the given exponential value is greater than 0 using the while loop.
• Check if the given exponential value is odd using the if conditional statement.
• If it is true, multiply p with the given base value and store it in another variable.
• Calculate the value of the above result modulus numb(10^9+7) and store it in the same variable p.
• Multiply the given base value with itself and apply the modulus operator with 10^9+7(numb).
• Store it in the same variable given base value.
• Divide the given exponential value by 2 and convert it to an integer using the int() function.
• Store it in the same variable given exponential value.
• Return the value of p modulus 10^9+7.
• Print the value of the power of base and exponent modular 10^9+7.
• The Exit of the Program.

Below is the implementation:

# Take a variable to say numb and initialize its value with 1000000007(10^9+7).
numb = 1000000007

# Create a function to say exponentl_squaring() which takes the given two base and
# exponential values as the arguments and returns the value of the power of base and
# exponent modular 10^9+7.

def exponentl_squaring(gvn_baseval, gvn_exponentlval):
# Inside the function, take a variable say p, and initialize its value to 1.
p = 1
# Loop until the given exponential value is greater than 0 using the while loop.
while(gvn_exponentlval > 0):
# Check if the given exponential value is odd using the if conditional statement.
if (gvn_exponentlval % 2 != 0):
# If it is true, multiply p with the given base value and store it in another
# variable.
k = p * gvn_baseval
# Calculate the value of the above result modulus numb(10^9+7) and store it in the
# same variable p.
p = k % numb
# Multiply the given base value with itself and apply the modulus operator with
# 10^9+7(numb).
# Store it in the same variable given base value.
gvn_baseval = (gvn_baseval * gvn_baseval) % numb
# Divide the given exponential value by 2 and convert it to an integer using the
# int() function.
# Store it in the same variable given exponential value.
gvn_exponentlval = int(gvn_exponentlval / 2)
# Return the value of p modulus 10^9+7.
return p % numb

# Give the base value as static input and store it in a variable.
gvn_baseval = 5
# Give the exponential value as static input and store it in another variable.
gvn_exponentlval = 3
# Pass the given base and exponential values as the arguments to the exponentl_squaring()
# function and store it in a variable.
rslt = exponentl_squaring(gvn_baseval, gvn_exponentlval)
# Print the value of the power of base and exponent modular 10^9+7.
print("The value of the power of base and exponent modular 10^9+7 = ", rslt)


Output:

The value of the power of base and exponent modular 10^9+7 =  125

### Method #2: Using While loop (User Input)

Approach:

• Give the base value as user input using the int(input()) function and store it in a variable.
• Give the exponential value as user input using the int(input()) function and store it in another variable.
• Pass the given base and exponential values as the arguments to the exponentl_squaring() function and store it in a variable.
• Take a variable to say numb and initialize its value with 1000000007(10^9+7).
• Create a function to say exponentl_squaring() which takes the given two base and exponential values as the arguments and returns the value of the power of base and exponent modular 10^9+7.
• Inside the function, take a variable say p, and initialize its value to 1.
• Loop until the given exponential value is greater than 0 using the while loop.
• Check if the given exponential value is odd using the if conditional statement.
• If it is true, multiply p with the given base value and store it in another variable.
• Calculate the value of the above result modulus numb(10^9+7) and store it in the same variable p.
• Multiply the given base value with itself and apply the modulus operator with 10^9+7(numb).
• Store it in the same variable given the base value.
• Divide the given exponential value by 2 and convert it to an integer using the int() function.
• Store it in the same variable given exponential value.
• Return the value of p modulus 10^9+7.
• Print the value of the power of base and exponent modular 10^9+7.
• The Exit of the Program.

Below is the implementation:

# Take a variable to say numb and initialize its value with 1000000007(10^9+7).
numb = 1000000007

# Create a function to say exponentl_squaring() which takes the given two base and
# exponential values as the arguments and returns the value of the power of base and
# exponent modular 10^9+7.

def exponentl_squaring(gvn_baseval, gvn_exponentlval):
# Inside the function, take a variable say p, and initialize its value to 1.
p = 1
# Loop until the given exponential value is greater than 0 using the while loop.
while(gvn_exponentlval > 0):
# Check if the given exponential value is odd using the if conditional statement.
if (gvn_exponentlval % 2 != 0):
# If it is true, multiply p with the given base value and store it in another
# variable.
k = p * gvn_baseval
# Calculate the value of the above result modulus numb(10^9+7) and store it in the
# same variable p.
p = k % numb
# Multiply the given base value with itself and apply the modulus operator with
# 10^9+7(numb).
# Store it in the same variable given base value.
gvn_baseval = (gvn_baseval * gvn_baseval) % numb
# Divide the given exponential value by 2 and convert it to an integer using the
# int() function.
# Store it in the same variable given exponential value.
gvn_exponentlval = int(gvn_exponentlval / 2)
# Return the value of p modulus 10^9+7.
return p % numb

# Give the base value as user input using the int(input()) function and store it in a variable.
gvn_baseval = int(input("Enter some random number = "))
# Give the exponential value as user input using the int(input()) function and
# store it in another variable.
gvn_exponentlval = int(input("Enter some random number = "))
# Pass the given base and exponential values as the arguments to the exponentl_squaring()
# function and store it in a variable.
rslt = exponentl_squaring(gvn_baseval, gvn_exponentlval)
# Print the value of the power of base and exponent modular 10^9+7.
print("The value of the power of base and exponent modular 10^9+7 = ", rslt)


Output:

Enter some random number = 3
Enter some random number = 10000
The value of the power of base and exponent modular 10^9+7 = 895629451