Python

In the previous article, we have discussed Python Program to Compute the Area and Perimeter of Octagon
Pentagon:

A pentagon (from the Greek v Pente and gonia, which mean five and angle) is any five-sided polygon or 5-gon. A simple pentagon’s internal angles add up to 540°.

A pentagon can be simple or complex, and it can be self-intersecting. A pentagram is a self-intersecting regular pentagon (or a star pentagon).

Formula to calculate the perimeter of a pentagon:

Given The Pentagon's side length = 10

The Pentagon's area with given side length { 10 } = 172.0477400588967
The Pentagon's Perimeter with given side length { 10 } = 50

Given The Pentagon's side length = 5.5

The Pentagon's area with given side length { 5.5 } = 52.04444136781625
The Pentagon's Perimeter with given side length { 5.5 } = 27.5

Program to Compute the Area and Perimeter of Pentagon in Python

Below are the ways to Calculate the area and perimeter of a pentagon with the given Pentagon’s side length:

• Using Mathematical Formula (Static Input)
• Using Mathematical Formula (User Input)

Method #1: Using Mathematical Formula (Static Input)

Approach:

• Import the math module using the import keyword.
• Give the Pentagon’s side length as static input and store it in a variable.
• Calculate the area of the given pentagon using the above given mathematical formula and math.sqrt() function.
• Store it in another variable.
• Calculate the perimeter of the given pentagon using the above given mathematical formula.
• Store it in another variable.
• Print the Pentagon’s area with the given side length.
• Print the Pentagon’s perimeter with the given side length.
• The Exit of the program.

Below is the implementation:

# Import the math module using the import keyword.
import math
# Give the Pentagon's side length as static input and store it in a variable.
side_len = 10
# Calculate the area of the given pentagon using the above given mathematical formula and
# math.sqrt() function.
# Store it in another variable.
pentgn_area = (math.sqrt(5*(5+2*math.sqrt(5)))*pow(side_len, 2))/4.0
# Calculate the perimeter of the given pentagon using the above given mathematical formula.
# Store it in another variable.
pentgn_perimtr = (5*side_len)
# Print the Pentagon's area with the given side length.
print(
    "The Pentagon's area with given side length {", side_len, "} =", pentgn_area)
# Print the Pentagon's perimeter with the given side length.
print(
    "The Pentagon's Perimeter with given side length {", side_len, "} =", pentgn_perimtr)

Output:

The Pentagon's area with given side length { 10 } = 172.0477400588967
The Pentagon's Perimeter with given side length { 10 } = 50

Method #2: Using Mathematical Formula (User Input)

Approach:

• Import the math module using the import keyword.
• Give the Pentagon’s side length as user input using float(input()) function and store it in a variable.
• Calculate the area of the given pentagon using the above given mathematical formula and math.sqrt() function.
• Store it in another variable.
• Calculate the perimeter of the given pentagon using the above given mathematical formula.
• Store it in another variable.
• Print the Pentagon’s area with the given side length.
• Print the Pentagon’s perimeter with the given side length.
• The Exit of the program.

Below is the implementation:

# Import the math module using the import keyword.
import math
# Give the Pentagon's side length as user input using float(input()) function and
# store it in a variable.
side_len = float(input('Enter some random number = '))
# Calculate the area of the given pentagon using the above given mathematical formula and
# math.sqrt() function.
# Store it in another variable.
pentgn_area = (math.sqrt(5*(5+2*math.sqrt(5)))*pow(side_len, 2))/4.0
# Calculate the perimeter of the given pentagon using the above given mathematical formula.
# Store it in another variable.
pentgn_perimtr = (5*side_len)
# Print the Pentagon's area with the given side length.
print(
    "The Pentagon's area with given side length {", side_len, "} =", pentgn_area)
# Print the Pentagon's perimeter with the given side length.
print(
    "The Pentagon's Perimeter with given side length {", side_len, "} =", pentgn_perimtr)

Output:

Enter some random number = 5.5
The Pentagon's area with given side length { 5.5 } = 52.04444136781625
The Pentagon's Perimeter with given side length { 5.5 } = 27.5

Explore more instances related to python concepts from Python Programming Examples Guide and get promoted from beginner to professional programmer level in Python Programming Language.

• Python Program to Find Sum of Geometric Progression Series
• Python Program to Find Isosceles Triangle Area
• Python Program to Find out the Arc Length of an Angle
• Python Program to Calculate GST

In the previous article, we have discussed Python Program to Check if All Characters have Even Frequency
Math Module :

Python’s math module is a built-in module. By importing this module, we can perform mathematical computations.

Numerous mathematical operations like ceil( ),floor( ),factorial( ),mod( ),value of pi ,…..etc .can be computed with the help of math module.

Heptagon:

A heptagon is a seven-sided polygon or 7-gon in geometry. The heptagon is also known as the septagon, which is formed by combining “sept-” (an elision of septua-, a Latin-derived numerical prefix, rather than hepta-, a Greek-derived numerical prefix; both are cognate) and the Greek suffix “-agon” meaning angle.

Formula to calculate the area of a Heptagon:

 

In which  a is the Heptagon’s side length

Formula to calculate the perimeter of a Heptagon:

Perimeter = 7a

Given the Heptagon’s side length and the task is to calculate the area and perimeter of the given Heptagon.

Examples:

Example1:

Input:

Given The Heptagon's side length = 8

Output:

The Heptagon's Area with given side length { 8 } = 232.576
The Heptagon's Perimeter with the given side length { 8 } = 56

Example2:

Input:

Given The Heptagon's side length = 15

Output:

The Heptagon's Area with given side length { 15 } = 817.65
The Heptagon's Perimeter with the given side length { 15 } = 105

Program to Compute the Area and Perimeter of Heptagon

Below are the ways to Calculate the area and perimeter of a heptagon with the given heptagon’s side length:

• Using Mathematical Formula (Static Input)
• Using Mathematical Formula (User Input)

Method #1: Using Mathematical Formula (Static Input)

Approach:

• Import the math module using the import keyword.
• Give the heptagon’s side length as static input and store it in a variable.
• Calculate the area of the given heptagon using the above given mathematical formula and pow() function.
• Store it in another variable.
• Calculate the perimeter of the given heptagon using the above given mathematical formula.
• Store it in another variable.
• Print the heptagon’s area with the given side length.
• Print the heptagon’s perimeter with the given side length.
• The Exit of the program.

Below is the implementation:

# Import the math module using the import keyword.
import math
# Give the heptagon's side length as static input and store it in a variable.
side_len = 8
# Calculate the area of the given heptagon using the above given mathematical formula
# and pow() function.
# Store it in another variable.
heptagn_area = 3.634*pow(side_len, 2)
# Calculate the perimeter of the given heptagon using the above given mathematical formula.
# Store it in another variable.
heptagn_perimetr = (7*side_len)
# Print the heptagon's area with the given side length.
print(
    "The Heptagon's Area with given side length {", side_len, "} =", heptagn_area)
# Print the heptagon's perimeter with the given side length.
print(
    "The Heptagon's Perimeter with the given side length {", side_len, "} =", heptagn_perimetr)

Output:

The Heptagon's Area with given side length { 8 } = 232.576
The Heptagon's Perimeter with the given side length { 8 } = 56

Method #2: Using Mathematical Formula (User Input)

Approach:

• Import the math module using the import keyword.
• Give the Heptagon’s side length as user input using float(input()) function and store it in a variable.
• Calculate the area of the given heptagon using the above given mathematical formula and pow() function.
• Store it in another variable.
• Calculate the perimeter of the given heptagon using the above given mathematical formula.
• Store it in another variable.
• Print the heptagon’s area with the given side length.
• Print the heptagon’s perimeter with the given side length.
• The Exit of the program.

Below is the implementation:

# Import the math module using the import keyword.
import math
# Give the Heptagon's side length as user input using float(input()) function and
# store it in a variable.
side_len = float(input("Enter some random variable = "))
# Calculate the area of the given heptagon using the above given mathematical formula
# and pow() function.
# Store it in another variable.
heptagn_area = 3.634*pow(side_len, 2)
# Calculate the perimeter of the given heptagon using the above given mathematical formula.
# Store it in another variable.
heptagn_perimetr = (7*side_len)
# Print the heptagon's area with the given side length.
print(
    "The Heptagon's Area with given side length {", side_len, "} =", heptagn_area)
# Print the heptagon's perimeter with the given side length.
print(
    "The Heptagon's Perimeter with the given side length {", side_len, "} =", heptagn_perimetr)

Output:

Enter some random variable = 15
The Heptagon's Area with given side length { 15.0 } = 817.65
The Heptagon's Perimeter with the given side length { 15.0 } = 105.0

Explore more instances related to python concepts from Python Programming Examples Guide and get promoted from beginner to professional programmer level in Python Programming Language.

• Python Program to Compute the Area and Perimeter of Octagon
• Python Program to Calculate Surface Area and Volume of a Cylinder
• Python Program to Compute the Area and Perimeter of Pentagon
• Python Program to Find Sum of Geometric Progression Series

In the previous article, we have discussed Python Program to Compute the Area and Perimeter of Heptagon
Math Module :

Python’s math module is a built-in module. By importing this module, we can perform mathematical computations.

Numerous mathematical operations like ceil( ),floor( ),factorial( ),mod( ),value of pi ,…..etc .can be computed with the help of math module.

Octagon:

An octagon is a polygon with eight sides. It has eight different angles.

Octagon = octa + gon, where octa is the number eight and gon is the number of sides.

In an octagon, there are 20 diagonals.

Formula to calculate the area of an Octagon:

Given The Octagon's side length = 6

The Octagon's Area with given side length { 6 } = 173.82337649086284
The Octagon's Perimeter with the given side length { 6 } = 48

Given The Octagon's side length = 12.5

The Octagon's Area with given side length { 12.5 } = 754.4417382415921
The Octagon's Perimeter with the given side length { 12.5 } = 100.0

Program to Compute the Area and Perimeter of Octagon

Below are the ways to Calculate the area and perimeter of a heptagon with the given Octagon’s side length:

• Using Mathematical Formula (Static Input)
• Using Mathematical Formula (User Input)

Method #1: Using Mathematical Formula (Static Input)

Approach:

• Import the math module using the import keyword.
• Give the Octagon’s side length as static input and store it in a variable.
• Calculate the area of the given Octagon using the above given mathematical formula and sqrt(), math.pow() functions.
• Store it in another variable.
• Calculate the perimeter of the given Octagon using the above given mathematical formula.
• Store it in another variable.
• Print the Octagon’s area with the given side length.
• Print the Octagon’s perimeter with the given side length.
• The Exit of the program.

Below is the implementation:

# Import the math module using the import keyword.
import math
# Give the Octagon's side length as static input and store it in a variable.
side_len = 6
# Calculate the area of the given Octagon using the above given mathematical formula
# and sqrt(), math.pow() functions.
# Store it in another variable.
octgn_area = (2*(1+math.sqrt(2))*math.pow(side_len, 2))
# Calculate the perimeter of the given Octagon using the above given mathematical formula.
# Store it in another variable.
octgn_perimetr = (8*side_len)
# Print the Octagon's area with the given side length.
print(
    "The Octagon's Area with given side length {", side_len, "} =", octgn_area)
# Print the Octagon's perimeter with the given side length.
print(
    "The Octagon's Perimeter with the given side length {", side_len, "} =", octgn_perimetr)

Output:

The Octagon's Area with given side length { 6 } = 173.82337649086284
The Octagon's Perimeter with the given side length { 6 } = 48

Method #2: Using Mathematical Formula (User Input)

Approach:

• Import the math module using the import keyword.
• Give the Octagon’s side length as user input using float(input()) function and store it in a variable.
• Calculate the area of the given Octagon using the above given mathematical formula and sqrt(), math.pow() functions.
• Store it in another variable.
• Calculate the perimeter of the given Octagon using the above given mathematical formula.
• Store it in another variable.
• Print the Octagon’s area with the given side length.
• Print the Octagon’s perimeter with the given side length.
• The Exit of the program.

Below is the implementation:

# Import the math module using the import keyword.
import math
# Give the Octagon's side length as user input using float(input()) function and
# store it in a variable.
side_len = float(input("Enter some random number = "))
# Calculate the area of the given Octagon using the above given mathematical formula
# and sqrt(), math.pow() functions.
# Store it in another variable.
octgn_area = (2*(1+math.sqrt(2))*math.pow(side_len, 2))
# Calculate the perimeter of the given Octagon using the above given mathematical formula.
# Store it in another variable.
octgn_perimetr = (8*side_len)
# Print the Octagon's area with the given side length.
print(
    "The Octagon's Area with given side length {", side_len, "} =", octgn_area)
# Print the Octagon's perimeter with the given side length.
print(
    "The Octagon's Perimeter with the given side length {", side_len, "} =", octgn_perimetr)

Output:

Enter some random number = 12.5
The Octagon's Area with given side length { 12.5 } = 754.4417382415921
The Octagon's Perimeter with the given side length { 12.5 } = 100.0

Explore more instances related to python concepts from Python Programming Examples Guide and get promoted from beginner to professional programmer level in Python Programming Language.

• Python Program to Calculate Surface Area and Volume of a Cylinder
• Python Program to Compute the Area and Perimeter of Pentagon
• Python Program to Find Sum of Geometric Progression Series
• Python Program to Find Isosceles Triangle Area

Worried about how to append or add rows to a dataframe in Pandas? Then, this tutorial will guide you completely on how to append rows to a dataframe in Pandas Python using the function dataframe.append() We have listed the various methods for appending rows to a dataframe. In this tutorial, we will discuss how to append or add rows to the dataframe in Pandas. Before going to the main concept let us discuss some basic concepts about pandas and Dataframes.

• Pandas – Definition
• Dataframe – Definition
• append() method
• Ways on Pandas append row to Dataframe
  • • How to Add dictionary as a row to dataframe
    • Add Series as a row in the dataframe
    • How to Add row from one dataframe to another dataframe
    • How to Add a row in the dataframe at index position using iloc[]

Pandas – Definition

Pandas is a package in python that is used to analyze data in a very easy way. The reason why pandas are so famous is that it is very easy to use. But we can not directly use the pandas’ package in our program. To use this package first we have to import it.

Dataframe – Definition

Dataframe is a 2D data structure that store or represent the data in the 2D form or simply say in tabular form. The tabular form consists of rows, columns, and actual data. By using pandas we can manipulate the data as we want i.e we can see as many columns as we want or as many rows as we want. We can group the data or filter the data.

Let us understand both dataframe and pandas with an easy example

import pandas as pd
d={"Name":["Mayank","Raj","Rahul","Samar"],
   "Marks":[90,88,97,78]
  }
df=pd.DataFrame(d)
print(df)

Output

    Name  Marks
0  Mayank     90
1     Raj     88
2   Rahul     97
3   Samar     78

Here we see that first, we import our pandas package then we create a dictionary, and out of this dictionary, we create our dataframe. When we see our dataframe we see that it consists of rows and columns and data. There are many ways to create a dataframe like importing excel or CSV files or through a dictionary but this is not the main concern of this article.

Before understanding the concept of appending rows to a dataframe first we have to know a little bit about the append() method.

append() method

append() method is used to append rows of other dataframe at the end of the original or given dataframe. It returns a new dataframe object. If some columns are not presented in the original dataframe but presented in a new dataframe then-new column will also be added in the dataframe and data of that column will become NAN.
Syntax: DataFrame.append(other, ignore_index=False, verify_integrity=False, sort=None)

Ways on Pandas append row to Dataframe

Method 1- How to Add dictionary as a row to dataframe

In this method, we see how we can append dictionaries as rows in pandas dataframe. It is a pretty simple way. We have to pass a dictionary in the append() method and our work is done. That dictionary is passed as an argument to other the parameter in the append method. Let us see this with an example.

d={"Name":["Mayank","Raj","Rahul","Samar"],
   "Marks":[90,88,97,78]
  }
df=pd.DataFrame(d)
print(df)
print("---------------")
new_d={"Name":"Gaurav",
      "Marks":76}
new_df=df.append(new_d,ignore_index=True)
print(new_df)

Output:

     Name  Marks
0  Mayank     90
1     Raj     88
2   Rahul     97
3   Samar     78
---------------
     Name  Marks
0  Mayank     90
1     Raj     88
2   Rahul     97
3   Samar     78
4  Gaurav     76

d={"Name":["Mayank","Raj","Rahul","Samar"],
   "Marks":[90,88,97,78]
  }
df=pd.DataFrame(d)
print(df)
print("---------------")
new_d={"Name":["Gaurav","Vijay"],
      "Marks":[76,88]}
new_df=df.append(new_d,ignore_index=True)
print(new_df)

    Name  Marks
0  Mayank     90
1     Raj     88
2   Rahul     97
3   Samar     78
---------------
              Name     Marks
0           Mayank        90
1              Raj        88
2            Rahul        97
3            Samar        78
4  [Gaurav, Vijay]  [76, 88]

To solve this issue we use series. Let us understand what series means.

Series

Series is a 1-D array that stores a single column or row of data in a dataframe.

syntax: pandas.Series( data, index, dtype, copy)

series=pd.Series(['Ajay','Vijay'])
print(series)
print(type(series))

Output

0     Ajay
1    Vijay
dtype: object
<class 'pandas.core.series.Series'>

That is how we can create a series in pandas. Now we see how we can append series in pandas dataframe. It is similar like as we pass our dictionary. We can simply pass series as an argument in the append() function. Let see this with an example.

d={"Name":["Mayank","Raj","Rahul","Samar"],
   "Marks":[90,88,97,78]
  }
df=pd.DataFrame(d)
print(df)
print("---------------")
series=[pd.Series(['Gaurav',88], index=df.columns ) ,
        pd.Series(['Vijay', 99], index=df.columns )]
new_df=df.append(series,ignore_index=True)
print(new_df)

Output:

     Name  Marks
0  Mayank     90
1     Raj     88
2   Rahul     97
3   Samar     78
---------------
     Name  Marks
0  Mayank     90
1     Raj     88
2   Rahul     97
3   Samar     78
4  Gaurav     88
5   Vijay     99

We see that by this method we solve the problem to add multiple rows at a time that we face in the dictionary.

Method 3 – How to Add row from one dataframe to another dataframe

To understand this method first we have to understand about concepts of loc.

loc[ ]

It is used to access groups of rows and columns by values. Let us understand this concept with help of an example.

students = [ ('Mayank',98) ,
             ('Raj', 75) ,
             ('Rahul', 87) ,
             ('Samar', 78)]
df = pd.DataFrame(  students, 
                    columns = ['Name' , 'Marks'],
                    index=['a', 'b', 'c' , 'd']) 
print(df)
print("------------------")
# If we want only row 'c' and all columns
print(df.loc[['c'],:])
print("------------------")
# If we want only row 'c' and only column 'Name'
print(df.loc['c']['Name'])
print("------------------")
# If we want only row 'c' and 'd' and all columns
print(df.loc[['c','d'],:])
print("------------------")
# If we want only row 'c' and 'd' and only column 'Name'
print(df.loc[['c','d'],['Name']])
print("------------------")

Output:

     Name  Marks
a  Mayank     98
b     Raj     75
c   Rahul     87
d   Samar     78
------------------
    Name  Marks
c  Rahul     87
------------------
Rahul
------------------
    Name  Marks
c  Rahul     87
d  Samar     78
------------------
    Name
c  Rahul
d  Samar
------------------

This example is very helpful to understand how loc works in pandas.

Now it can be very easy to understand how we can add rows of one dataframe to another dataframe. Let us see this with an example.

students1 = [ ('Mayank',98) ,
             ('Raj', 75) ,
             ('Rahul', 87) ,
             ('Samar', 78)]
df1 = pd.DataFrame(  students, 
                    columns = ['Name' , 'Marks'],
                    index=['a', 'b', 'c' , 'd']) 
print(df1)
print("------------------")
students2 = [ ('Vijay',94) ,
             ('Sunil', 76),
             ('Sanjay', 80)
            ]
df2= pd.DataFrame(  students2, 
                    columns = ['Name' , 'Marks'],
                    index=['a', 'b','c']) 
print(df2)

print("------------------")
new_df=df1.append(df2.loc[['a','c'],:],ignore_index=True)
print(new_df)

Output:

     Name  Marks
a  Mayank     98
b     Raj     75
c   Rahul     87
d   Samar     78
------------------
     Name  Marks
a   Vijay     94
b   Sunil     76
c  Sanjay     80
------------------
     Name  Marks
0  Mayank     98
1     Raj     75
2   Rahul     87
3   Samar     78
4   Vijay     94
5  Sanjay     80

In this example, we see how we easily append rows ‘a’ and ‘c’ of df2 in df1.

Method 4 – How to Add a row in the dataframe at index position using iloc[]

iloc[]

iloc[] in pandas allows us to retrieve a particular value belonging to a row and column using the index values assigned to it. IT will raise Index errors if a requested indexer is out-of-bounds.

students1 = [ ('Mayank',98) ,
             ('Raj', 75) ,
             ('Rahul', 87) ,
             ('Samar', 78)]
df1 = pd.DataFrame(  students, 
                    columns = ['Name' , 'Marks'],
                    index=['a', 'b', 'c' , 'd']) 
print(df1.iloc[0])

Output

Name     Mayank
Marks        98
Name: a, dtype: object

This example shows how we can access any row using an index.

Note: We use the index in iloc and not the column name.

Now let us see how we can append row in dataframe using iloc

students1 = [ ('Mayank',98) ,
('Raj', 75) ,
('Rahul', 87) ,
('Samar', 78)]
df1 = pd.DataFrame( students, 
columns = ['Name' , 'Marks'],
index=['a', 'b', 'c' , 'd']) 
print("Original dataframe")
print(df1)
print("------------------")
df1.iloc[2] = ['Vijay', 80]
print("New dataframe")
print(df1)

Output:

Original dataframe
     Name  Marks
a  Mayank     98
b     Raj     75
c   Rahul     87
d   Samar     78
------------------
New dataframe
     Name  Marks
a  Mayank     98
b     Raj     75
c   Vijay     80
d   Samar     78

This example shows how we add a column in the dataframe at a specific index using iloc.

So these are the methods to add or append rows in the dataframe.

Want to expert in the python programming language? Exploring Python Data Analysis using Pandas tutorial changes your knowledge from basic to advance level in python concepts.

Read more Articles on Python Data Analysis Using Padas – Add Contents to a Dataframe

• • Add new columns in a DataFrame

Basic Python Programs for Beginners Pdf: This tutorial of python programs for beginners aid you to learn all basics to advanced concepts of python programming. An effective way to gain knowledge and learn the python programming language is by practicing all basic to advanced python concepts example programs. It will extremely helpful for all beginners of python learning.

To make you feel relaxed in searching all simple python practice programs for beginners, we have curated a list of all example programs on concepts of python. Make use of this ultimate tutorial on Python programming for beginners to learn completely & practice efficiently to become proficient in the python programming language.

Python Programs for Practice | List of Popular Python Programs for Freshers and Experienced

• Python Basic Programs
• Python Conversion Programs
• Python Mathematical Programs
• Python Decision Making and Loop Programs
• Python Class and Object Programs
• Python String Programs
• Python Algorithms Programs
• Python Files Programs
• Python Dictionary Programs
• Python Pattern Printing Programs
• Python Searching Programs
• Python List Programs
• Python Nested Lists / 2-d List Programs
• Python Date and Time Programs
• Python Simple Programs on Special Numbers
• Python Programming Examples on Fibonacci and Complex Numbers
• Python Recursion Programs
• Python Hashing/Frequency Programs.
• Python Number Theory Programs
• Python Sorting Programs
• Python Range Programs
• Python Bit Manipulation Programs
• Python Sentence Programs
• Python Tuple Programs
• Python Number Series Programs.
• Python Miscellaneous Programs

Python Basic Programs

• Program to Handle Precision Values in Python
• Pascal’s Triangle using Python
• Program to Check Prime Number in Python Programming
• Program to Calculate the HCF/GCD in Python
• Program to Calculate LCM of Two numbers in Python
• Program to Find the Factors of a Number in Python & C++ Programming
• Stack Data Structure in Python
• Python Programs for Class 12
• Program to Compute Simple Interest in Python
• Program to Read a Number n and Compute n+nn+nnn in C++ and Python
• Python Program to Calculate the Average of Numbers in a Given List
• Python Program to Print Sum of Negative Numbers, Positive Even Numbers and Positive Odd numbers in a List
• Python Program to Print Largest Even and Largest Odd Number in a List
• Python Program to Compute Prime Factors of an Integer
• Python Program to Take in the Marks of 5 Subjects and Display the Grade
• Python Program to Find the Smallest Divisor of an Integer
• Python Program to Pick a Random Card
  Python Program to Find Median of List
• Python Program Divide all Elements of a List by a Number
• Python Program to Add Number to each Element in a List
• Python Program for Double Factorial
• Python Program to Print a Deck of Cards in Python
• Python Program to Multiply each Element of a List by a Number
• Python Program to Print all Twin Primes less than N

Python Conversion Programs

• Python program to Convert Kilometers to Miles and Vice Versa
• Python Program to Convert Decimal to Binary, Octal and Hexadecimal
• Different Ways to convert seconds into Hours and Minutes in Python
• Python Program to Convert Binary to Gray Code
• Python Program to Convert Gray Code to Binary
• Python Program to Read Height in Centimeters and then Convert the Height to Feet and Inches
• Python Program to Convert each Character in a String to an ASCII Value.

Python Mathematical Programs

• Program to Calculate the Standard Deviation in Python
• Python Program to Find the Factorial of a Number
• Python Program to Find the Sum of Natural Numbers
• Python Program to Solve Quadratic Equation
• Python Program to Calculate the Area, Semi Perimeter and Perimeter of a Triangle
• Python Program to Read Two Numbers and Print Their Quotient and Remainder
• Python Program to Find the Gravitational Force Acting Between Two Objects
• Program to Find the Sum of Sine Series in Python
• Python Program to Find the Sum of Cosine Series
• Python Program to Find the Cumulative Sum of a List
• Python Program to Compute a Polynomial Equation given that the Coefficients of the Polynomial are stored in a List
• Python Program to Find Volume and Surface Area of a Cone
• Python Program to Find Volume and Surface Area of a Cuboid
• Python Program to Calculate BMI
• Python Program to Get Tangent value Using math.tan()
• Python Program to Count Divisors of Factorial
• Python Program to Check if two Lines are Parallel or Not
• Python Program to Find Sum of Arithmetic Progression Series
• Python Program to Find Volume and Surface Area of a Cube
• Python Program to Calculate the Discriminant Value
• Python Program To Calculate the Angle Between Two Vectors
• Python Program to Find the Missing Term of any Arithmetic Progression
• Python Program to Find Vertex, Focus and Directrix of Parabola
• Python Program to Compute Euclidean Distance
• Python Program to Find Volume and Surface Area of Sphere
• Python Program to Calculate EMI
• Python Program to Compute the Area and Perimeter of Heptagon
• Python Program to Compute the Area and Perimeter of Octagon
• Python Program to Calculate Surface Area and Volume of a Cylinder
• Python Program to Compute the Area and Perimeter of Pentagon
• Python Program to Find Sum of Geometric Progression Series
• Python Program to Find Isosceles Triangle Area
• Python Program to Find out the Arc Length of an Angle
• Python Program to Calculate GST
• Python Program to Calculate the Area of a Trapezoid
• Python Program to Calculate the Value of nPr
• Program to Calculate Seed of a Number
• Python Program to Calculate Area of any Triangle using its Coordinates
• Python Program to Find the Type of Triangle with Given Sides
• Python Program to Calculate the Income Tax
• Python Program to Calculate Electricity Bill
• Python Program to Check Whether given Array or List Can Form Arithmetic Progression

Python Decision Making and Loop Programs

• Python Program to Display the Multiplication Table
• Python Program to Iterate Through Two Lists in Parallel
• Write a Program to Implement Simple Calculator in Python
• Print all Integers that Aren’t Divisible by Either 2 or 3 and Lie between 1 and 50 in C++ and Python
• Python Program to Implement the Latin Alphabet Cipher

Python Class and Object Programs

• Python Program to Find the Area of a Rectangle Using Classes
• Python Program to Append, Delete and Display Elements of a List Using Classes
• Python Program to Create a Class and Compute the Area and the Perimeter of the Circle
• Python Program to Create a Class which Performs Basic Calculator Operations
• Python Program to Create a Class in which One Method Accepts a String from the User and Another Prints it
• Python Program to Create a Class and Get All Possible Subsets from a List

Python String Programs

• Check Palindrome in Python
• Python Reverse String
• Python Program to Remove Punctuations From a String
• Python Program to Trim Whitespace From a String
• Python Program to Check If Two Strings are Anagram
• Python Program to Compute all the Permutations of the String
• String Formatting in Python
• Python Program to Remove Adjacent Duplicate Characters from a String
• Program to Reverse a String using a Stack Data Structure in C++
• Python Program to Check if a String is a Pangram or Not
• Python Program to Print All Permutations of a String in Lexicographic Order without Recursion
• Python Program to Take in a String and Replace Every Blank Space with Hyphen
• Python Program to Form a New String where the First Character and the Last Character have been Exchanged
• Python Program to Remove the Characters of Odd Index Values in a String
• Python Program to Calculate the Number of Words and the Number of Characters Present in a String
• Python Program to Take in Two Strings and Display the Larger String without Using Built-in Functions
• Python Program to Form a New String Made of the First 2 and Last 2 characters From a Given String
• Python Program to Check if a Substring is Present in a Given String
• Python Program to Check if a String is a keyword or Not
• Python Program to Check if a String is Lapindrome or Not
• Python Program to Determine Whether one String is a Rotation of Another
• Python Program Enter ‘*’ Between two Identical Characters in a String
• Python Program to Add Trailing Zeros to String
• Python Program to Divide a String in ‘N’ Equal Parts.
• Python Program to Remove any Non-ASCII Characters
• Python Program to Extract Only Characters from a Given String
• Python Program to Find Common Characters between Two Strings
• Python Program to Count the Number of Alphabets in a String
• Python Program to Check if all Characters of String are Alphanumeric or Not
• Python Program for Comma-separated String to Tuple
• Python Program to get the Last Word from a String
• Python Program to Remove the First Occurrence of Character in a String
• Program to Print Even Length Words in a String
• Python Program to Print Nth word in a given String
• Python Program to Remove all Consonants from a String
• Python Program to Print a String N Number of Times
• Python Program to Remove a String from a List of Strings
• Python Program for Printing Odd and Even Letters of a String

Python Algorithms Programs

• Python Program to Find majority element (Boyer–Moore Majority Vote Algorithm)
• Brian Kernighan’s Algorithm to Count Set bits of a Number in C++ and Python
• Python Program to solve Maximum Subarray Problem using Kadane’s Algorithm

Python Files Programs

• Python Program to Count the Number of Words in a Text File
• Python Program to Count the Number of Lines in a Text File
• Python Program to Read a String from the User and Append it into a File
• Program to Copy the Contents of One File into Another
• Python Program that Reads a Text File and Counts the Number of Times a Certain Letter Appears in the Text File
• Python Program to Read a Text File and Print all the Numbers Present in the Text File
• Python Program to Append the Contents of One File to Another File
• Python Program to Count the Number of Blank Spaces in a Text File
• Python Program to Read a File and Capitalize the First Letter of Every Word in the File
• Python Program to Count the Occurrences of a Word in a Text File

Python Dictionary Programs

• Python Program to Create a Dictionary with Key as First Character and Value as Words Starting with that Character
• Python Program to Map Two Lists into a Dictionary
• Python Program to Generate a Dictionary that Contains Numbers (between 1 and n) in the Form (x, x*x).
• Python Program to Add a Key , Value Pair to the Dictionary
• Python Program to Sum All the Items in a Dictionary
• Python Program to invert a Dictionary
• Python Program to Find Product of Values of elements in a Dictionary
• Intersection of Two Dictionaries via Keys in Python

Python Pattern Printing Programs

• Python Program to Print an Inverted Star Pattern
• Program to Print 1 and 0 in alternative Columns in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print 1 and 0 in alternative rows in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Box Number Pattern in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Hollow Box Pattern of Numbers in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Diamond Star Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Hollow Diamond Star Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Exponentially Increasing Star Pattern in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Floyd’s Triangle in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Half Diamond Star Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Hollow Half Diamond Star Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Mirrored Half Diamond Star Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Plus Star Pattern in C, C++, and Python
• Program to Print Pyramid Star Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Inverted Pyramid Star Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Right Triangle Number Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Inverted Right Triangle of Numbers in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Right Angled Triangle Star Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Hollow Right Triangle Star Pattern in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Inverted Right Triangle Star Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Hollow Inverted Right Triangle in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Mirrored Right Triangle Star Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Rectangle Star Pattern in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Hollow Rectangle Star Pattern in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Reverse Mirrored Right Triangle Star Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Rhombus Star Pattern in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Hollow Rhombus Star Pattern in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Mirrored Rhombus Star Pattern in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Hollow Mirrored Rhombus Star Pattern in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Square Star Pattern in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Square Number Pattern in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print Hollow Square Star Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Hollow Square Star With Diagonals in C,C++ and Python
• Program to Print X Star Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Pattern to Display Letters of the Word in C, C++, and Python.
• Program to Print the Pyramid of Horizontal Number Tables in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Double the Number Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Even Number Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print a Unique Pyramid Pattern of Digits in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Number Reduction Pattern in C, C++, and Python
• Program to Print Pattern with a Combination of Numbers and Stars
• Program to Print Inverted Pyramid Pattern with the Same Digit in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Alternate Numbers Pattern using While Loop in C, C++, and Python
• Program to Print Reverse Number Pattern in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Reverse Pyramid of Numbers in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print Square Pattern with Numbers in C,C++, and Python
• Program to Print the Equilateral Triangle Pattern of Star in C,C++, and Python
• Number Pattern Programs in Python

Python Searching Programs

• Implementing Sentinel Search in Python
• Linear Search in Python
• Binary Search Algorithm in Python
• Program to Implement Fibonacci Search in Python
• Python Program to Search the Number of Times a Particular Number Occurs in a List
• Python Program to Form a Dictionary from an Object of a Class

Python List Programs

• Python Program to Move all Zeros present in an Array/List to the End
• Program to Find a Pair with the Given Sum in an Array in Python
• Python Program to Find the Minimum Difference Between the Index of Two Given Elements Present in an Array
• Python Program to Find the Minimum Index of a Repeating Element in an Array/List
• Python Program to Find a Pair with a Minimum Absolute Sum in an List
• Python Program to Left Rotate a List by R Times
• Python Program to Right Rotate a List by R Times
• Program to Find the Missing Number in an array/list in Python
• Program to Find the Odd Occurring Element in an Array/list in Python
• Python Program to Find the Second Largest Number in a List
• Python Program to Put Even and Odd elements in a List into Two Different Lists
• Python Program to Read a List of Words and Return the Length of the Longest Word
• Python Program to Remove the ith Occurrence of the Given Word in a List where Words can Repeat
• Python Program to Generate Random Numbers from 1 to 20 and Append Them to the List
• Python Program to Swap the First and Last Value of a List
• Python Program to Find the Largest Number in a List
• Python Program to Reorder a List According to Given Indexes
• Python Program to Replace Every List Element by Multiplication of Previous and Next
• Python Program for Product of Maximum in First array and Minimum in Second
• Python Program for Maximum Distance between Two Occurrences of Same Element in Array/List
• Python Program to Find Leaders in an Array/List
• Python Program to Find Two Odd Occurring Elements in an Array/List
• Python Program to Split the Array/List and add the First Part to the End
• Python Program to Find the Rotation Count in Rotated Sorted List
• Python Program to Move all Negative Elements to End in Order with Extra Space Allowed
• Python Program to Get the Position of Max Value in a List
• Python Program to Get n Random Items from a List
• Python Program to Count the Number of Null elements in a List
• Python Program to Print Items from a List with Specific Length
• Python Program to Delete Random Item from a List
• Python Program to Shuffle a List
• Python Program to Break a List into Chunks of Size N
• Python Program to Find Indices of the Non-Zero Elements in the Python list
• Python Program to Minimum Operation to make all Elements of the List Equal
• Python Program to find Maximum Product Quadruple in an Array or List
• Python Program to Find a Number Repeating and Missing in an Array or List
• Python Program to find Pair with the Greatest Product in an Array or List
• Python Program to Find K’th Smallest/Largest Element in Unsorted Array or List
• Python Program to Generate Random Numbers except for a Particular Number in a List
• Python Program to Find a Fixed Point in a given Array or List
• Python Program to Print all Perfect Squares from a List using List Comprehension and Math Module
• Python Program to Count Pair in an Array or List whose Product is Divisible by K

Python Nested Lists / 2-d List Programs

• Write a Program for Matrix Addition
• Program for Transpose a Matrix in Python and C++ Programming
• Program for Multiplication of Two Matrices in Python & C++ Programming
• Write a Program for Matrix Subtraction
• C++ Program to Print Identity Matrix
• C++ Program to Check if it is Sparse Matrix or Not

Python Date and Time Programs

• Program to Display Calendar in Python
• Python Program to Check if a Date is Valid and Print the Incremented Date
• Python Program to Find the Number of Weeks between two Dates
• Python Program to Calculate Age in Days from Date of Birth

Python Simple Programs on Special Numbers

• Harshad Number in Python
• Disarium Number in Python
• Armstrong Number in Python
• Program to Check Whether the given Number is Perfect Number or Not in Python
• Program to Check Whether the given Number is Strong Number or Not in Python
• Program to Check Whether the given Two Numbers are Amicable Numbers or Not in Python
• Python Program to Compute the Value of Euler’s Number ,Using the Formula: e = 1 + 1/1! + 1/2! + …… 1/n!
• Python Program to Check Tech Number or Not
• Python Program to Find Strong Numbers in a List
• Python Program to Check Abundant Number or Not
• Python Program to Check Strontio Number or Not.
• Python Program to Check Evil Number or Not
• Python Program to Check Trimorphic Number or Not
• Python Program to Check Sunny Number
• Python Program to Solve Triangular Matchstick Number
• Python Program to Check Pronic Number or Not
• Python Program to Check Automorphic Number or Not
• Python Program to Check Buzz Number or Not
• Python Program to Check a number is Narcissistic Number or Not
• Program for Neon Number
• Python Program to Check If A Number Is A Happy Number
• Python Program to Check if a Number is Peterson Number
• Python Program to Check a Number is Spy number
• Python Program to find the nth Kynea Number

Python Programming Examples on Fibonacci and Complex Numbers

• Python Program to Subtract two Complex Numbers
• Python Program to Find Number of Digits in Nth Fibonacci Number
• Python Program to Find Magnitude of a Complex Number

Python Recursion Programs

• Python Program to Print Numbers in a Range (1,upper) Without Using any Loops or by Using Recursion
• Python Program to Generate Gray Codes using Recursion
• Program to Determine Whether a Given Number is Even or Odd Recursively
• Python Program to Determine How Many Times a Given Letter Occurs in a String Recursively
• Python Program to Find the Sum of the Digits of the Number Recursively
• Python Program to Find the Power of a Number Using Recursion
• Python Program to Find the Fibonacci Series Using Recursion
• Python Program to Find the Sum of Elements in a List Recursively
• Program to Find the LCM of Two Numbers Using Recursion
• Python Program to Find if a Number is Prime or Not Prime Using Recursion
• Python Program to Find the Product of two Numbers Using Recursion
• Program to Check Whether a String is a Palindrome or not Using Recursion
• Python Program to Reverse a String Using Recursion
• Python Program to Flatten a Nested List using Recursion
• Python Program to Find the Total Sum of a Nested List Using Recursion
• Python Program to Find the Length of a List Using Recursion
• Program to Implement Tower of Hanoi Using Recursion
• Python Program to Find Digital Root of Large Integers using Recursion
• Python Program to Calculate Sum of Nth Power using Recursion

Python Hashing/Frequency Programs

• Python Program to Count the Number of Each Vowel
• Python Program to Count Set Bits in a Number
• Python Program to Count the Frequency of Words Appearing in a String Using a Dictionary
• Python Program to Count Number of Lowercase Characters in a String
• Program to Calculate the Number of Digits and Letters in a String
• Python Program to Check if All Characters have Even Frequency
• Python Program to Count Words that Appear Exactly Two Times in an Array/List of Words
• Python Program to Find the Least Frequent Character in a String
• Python Program to Check whether String Contains Unique Characters

Python Number Theory Programs

• Write a Program to Reverse a Number in Python | Reverse Digits or Integers
• Python Program to Compute the Power of a Number
• Program to Find Square Root of a Number in C++ and Python Programming
• Program to Count the Number of Digits Present In a Number
• Python Program to Accept Three Digits and Print all Possible Combinations from the Digits
• Python Program to Find Whether a Number is a Power of Two
• Python Program to Form an Integer that has the Number of Digits at Ten’s Place and the Least Significant Digit of the Entered Integer at One’s Place
• Program to Print Collatz Conjecture for a Given Number in C++ and Python
• Python Program to Find nth Prime Number
• Python Program to Find Even Digits Sum and Odd Digits Sum Divisible by 4 and 3 Respectively
• Python Program to Check Whether Sum of digits at Odd places of a Number is Divisible by K
• Python Program to Check Whether Product of Digits at Even places of a Number is Divisible by K
• Python Program to Check if Product of Digits of a Number at Even and Odd places is Equal
• Python Program to Find the Sum of Digits of a Number at Even and Odd places
• Python Program to Count the Number of Odd and Even Digits
• Python Program to Print Number in Ascending Order which contains 1, 2 and 3 in their Digits.
• Python Program to Find sum of Even Factors of a Number
• Python Program to Find Sum of Odd Factors of a Number
• Python Program to Get Sum of all the Factors of a Number
• Python Program to Print Non Square Numbers
• Python Program to Find the 2nd Largest Digit in a Given Number
• Python Program to Add Two Numbers Without Using the “+” Operator.
• Python Program to Find Super Factorial of a Number.
• Python Program to Find the Greatest Digit in a Number.
• Python Program to Find Common Divisors of Two Numbers
• Python Program to Check whether all Digits of a Number Divide it
• Python Program to Find Smallest Prime Divisor of a Number
• Program to Print First k Digits of 1/N where N is a Positive Integer
• Python Program to Rearrange the given Number to form the Smallest Number
• Design a Program to Count Numbers that don’t Contain 3 in Python
• Python Program to Calculate the Average of a Number’s digits of Every Number in Given List

Python Sorting Programs

• Program for Selection Sort in Python
• Program for Insertion Sort in Python
• Program for Bubble Sort in Python
• Python Program to Sort the List According to the Second Element in Sublist
• Python Program to Sort a List According to the Length of the Elements
• Python Program to Sort a List of Tuples in Increasing Order by the Last Element in Each Tuple
• Python Program to Merge Two Lists and Sort it
• Python Program to Accept a Hyphen Separated Sequence of Words as Input and Print the Words in a Hyphen-Separated Sequence after Sorting them Alphabetically
• Program for Bubble Sort in Python
• Python Program to Sort a List Containing Two Types of Elements
• Python Program for Alternative Sorting.
• Python Program to Check if Array can be Sorted with One Swap
• Python Program to Sort a List in Wave Form
• Python Program to Sort digits of a Number in Ascending Order
• Python Program to Sort words in Alphabetic Order
• Python Program to Rearrange the Letters of a String in Alphabetical Order

Python Range Programs

• Python Program to Find all Numbers in a Range which are Perfect Squares and Sum of all Digits in the Number is Less than 10
• Python Program to Print all Numbers in a Range Divisible by a Given Number
• Program to Determine all Pythagorean Triplets in the Range in C++ and Python
• Python Program to Read Print Prime Numbers in a Range using Sieve of Eratosthenes
• Python Program to Find Those Numbers which are Divisible by 7 and Multiple of 5 in a Given Range of Numbers
• Python Program to Print Odd Numbers Within a Given Range
• Python Program to Print all the Prime Numbers within a Given Range
• Python Program to Generate Perfect Numbers in an Interval
• Python Program to Generate Strong Numbers in an Interval
• Python Program to Find the Sine Series for the Given range
• Python Program to Find Armstrong Number in an Interval
• Python Program to Print all Disarium Numbers within Given range
• Python Program to Find GCD of Elements in a Given Range
• Python Program to Print Neon numbers in a Range
• Python Program to Print all Happy Numbers within a given Range
• Python Program to Print All Co-binary Palindromic Numbers in a Range
• Program to Print all Harshad Numbers within Given Range

Python Bit Manipulation Programs

• Python Program to Find the Total Number of Bits Needed to be Flipped
• Program to Clear the Rightmost Set Bit of a Number in C++ and Python
• Python Program to Check a Binary Number is Divisible by a number N.
• Python Program to Perform XOR on Two Lists
• Python Program to Swap all Odd and Even Bits of a Number
• Python Program to Check whether kth Bit is Set or not
• Python Program to Flipping the Binary Bits

Python Sentence Programs

• Python Program to Sort Palindrome Words in a Sentence
• Python Program to Reverse the Order of Palindrome Words in a Sentence
• Python Program for Snake Case of a Given Sentence
• Python Program to Replace a Word with Asterisks in a Sentence
• Python Program to Count Non Palindrome words in a Sentence
• Python Program to Reverse each Word in a Sentence
• Python Program to Find Longest Word from Sentence
• Python Program to Count Palindrome Words in a Sentence
• Python Program to Accept a Sentence and Print only the First Letter of Each Word in Capital Letters Separated by a Full Stop
• Python Program to Print each Word of a Sentence along with Number of Vowels in each Word

Python Tuple Programs

• Program to Create a List of Tuples with the First Element as the Number and Second Element as the Square of the Number
• Python Program to Remove Duplicate elements from a Tuple
• Python Program to Shuffle Elements of a Tuple
• Python Program to Select a Random Element from a Tuple
• Python Program to Remove Elements from a Tuple
• Python Program to Find the Size of a Tuple
• Python Program to Union of Set of Tuples

Python Number Series Programs

• Python Program to Print the Natural Numbers Summation Pattern
• Python Program to Find the Sum of the Series: 1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + ….. + 1/N
• Python Program to Find the Sum of the Series: 1 + x^2/2 + x^3/3 + … x^n/n
• Python Program to Print nth Iteration of Lucas Sequence
• Python Program for Leonardo Number Series
• Python Program to Calculate Sum of Series 1³+2³+3³+….+n³
• Python Program to Generate first N numbers of Pell Series

Python Miscellaneous Programs

• The Difference Between == and is in Python
• The “in” and “not in” operators in Python
• Increment Operation in Python
• Program to Print Without Newline in Python
• Program for Spell Checker in Python
• Python User Input from Keyboard – input() function
• Semicolon in Python
• Convert PDF to TXT file using Python
• Python Program to Evaluate a Postfix Expression Using Stack
• Difference between find() and index() in Python
• Random Choice of Random Module in Python with no Repeat
• Python Program to Group Words with the Same Set of Characters
• Python Program to get the IP Address of your Computer
• Python Program to Find Minimum Number of Steps to Reach M from N
• Secure Passwords Using Python
• Degrees() and Radians() in Python
• Python Program to Create a Countdown Timer
• Rotate an Image by an Angle in Python

FAQs on Free Beginners Python Programs Tutorial

1. Is Python programming easy for learning to beginners?

Of course, yes. Beginners and experienced programmers in another programming language can easily learn the python programming language. So, save your valuable time & please jump into the world of python.

2. What are the best tips to code python programs for beginners?

Just have a look at the following tips and implement them while beginners start coding in python for the first time:

• Choose basic to advance python programs for beginners from the above list
• Code Everyday & Practice well
• Go Interactive
• Write it Out
• Always learn with other passionate python learners
• Teach others
• Raise & Clear Good queries while coding
• Go Forth and Learn!

3. Which Python Version is best for beginners?

In beneficial to compatibility with third-party modules, the safest version of python to pick is the current one ie., the Python 3.8.1 version.

4. How do I start Python programming for beginners?

Simply select the best Python Programming Online Tutorial from the reliable and trustworthy website and go with the site to search for python programs for beginners. After going through the concepts of the python programming language @btechgeeks.com start practicing basic python programs for beginners from the list available above.

In this tutorial, we will discuss about how we can remove items/rows/columns from the Numpy array. We can remove elements from a NumPy array by index position using numpy.delete( ). Get to know the syntax of numpy.delete() function and learn about all its parameters with a clear explanation. Refer to the further modules to be aware of procedures on how to remove or delete an element or multiple elements in rows/columns of 1D and 2D Arrays by its Index Position.

• How to remove items/rows/columns from Numpy array using np.delete() in Python?
• Delete an Element in 1D Numpy Array by its Index position
• Delete multiple elements in 1D Numpy Array by its Index position
• Deleting rows & columns from a 2D Numpy Array
• Delete a column in 2D Numpy Array by its column number
• Delete multiple columns in 2D Numpy Array by its column number
• Delete a row in 2D Numpy Array by its row number
• Delete multiple rows in 2D Numpy Array by its row number
• Delete specific elements in 2D Numpy Array by its index position

How to remove items/rows/columns from Numpy array using np.delete() in Python?

Python provides a method to delete elements from the numpy array depending on the index position and its syntax is provided below.

numpy.delete( )

Python’s NumPy library has a method to delete elements. It is done by using the np.delete( ) function.

Syntax:

numpy.delete(arr, obj, axis=None)

Where,

• arr: Array from which elements are to be deleted
• obj: Index position or positions from which elements are to be deleted
• axis: The axis along which we want to delete (1 means delete along columns, 0 means delete along the rows, if None then the array is flattened out and then the elements are to be deleted)

It returns a copy of the array with the required elements deleted.

Delete an Element in 1D Numpy Array by its Index position

Let’s see the implementation of it.

#Program :

import numpy as np
#Numpy array
arr = np.array([10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90])
#deleting a=item at index 2
arr = np.delete(arr, 2)
print('Modified Numpy Array after deleting element at index 2')
print(arr)

Output :
Modified Numpy Array after deleting element at index 2
[10 20 40 50 60 70 80 90]

Delete multiple elements in 1D Numpy Array by its Index position

Let’s see the implementation of it.

#Program : 

import numpy as np 
#Numpy array 
arr = np.array([10,20,30,40,50,60,70,80,90]) 
#deleting a=item at index 2,5,7 
arr = np.delete(arr, 2) 
print('Modified Numpy Array after deleting element at index 2,5,7') 
print(arr)

Output :
Modified Numpy Array after deleting element at index  2,5,7
[10 20 40 50 70 90]

Deleting rows & columns from a 2D Numpy Array

Delete a column in 2D Numpy Array by its column number

if we want to delete a column from a 2D numpy array using np.delete() then we have to pass the axis=1 along with numpy array and index of column.

Let’s see the implementation of it.

#program

import numpy as np

arr2d = np.array([[10,20,30],
[40,50,60],
[70,80,90]])
#deleting elements at column 1
arr = np.delete(arr2d, 1, axis=1)
print('Modified Numpy Array by deleting element at index position 2,5,7')
print(arr)

Output :
Modified Numpy Array by deleting element at index position 2,5,7
[[10 30]
[40 60]
[70 90]]

Delete multiple columns in 2D Numpy Array by its column number

To delete multiple columns pass axis=1 and list of column numbers to be deleted along with numpy array to the function.

Let’s see the implementation of it.

#Program :

import numpy as np

arr2D = np.array([[11 ,12, 13, 11],
                [21, 22, 23, 24],
                [31, 32, 33, 34]])
arr2D = np.delete(arr2D, [2,3], axis=1)
print('Modified 2D Numpy Array by removing columns at index 2 and 3')
print(arr2D)

Output :
Modified 2D Numpy Array by removing columns at index 2 and 3
[[11 12]
[21 22]
[31 32]]

Delete a row in 2D Numpy Array by its row number

To delete a row from a 2D numpy array using np.delete() we need to pass the axis=0 along with numpy array and the row index.

Let’s see the implementation of it.

#Program : 

import numpy as np 
arr2D = np.array([[11 ,12, 13, 11], [21, 22, 23, 24], [31, 32, 33, 34]]) 
arr2D = np.delete(arr2D, 0, axis=0) 
print('Modified 2D Numpy Array by removing rowss at index 0') 
print(arr2D)

Output :
Modified 2D Numpy Array by removing rowss at index 0
[[21 22 23 24]
[31 32 33 34]]

Delete multiple rows in 2D Numpy Array by its row number

To delete multiple rows pass axis=0 and list of row numbers to be deleted along with numpy array to np.delete()

#Program :

import numpy as np

arr2D = np.array([[11 ,12, 13, 11],
                [21, 22, 23, 24],
                [31, 32, 33, 34]])
arr2D = np.delete(arr2D, [1, 2], axis=0)
print('Modified 2D Numpy Array by removing rows at index 1 and 2')
print(arr2D)

Output :
Modified 2D Numpy Array by removing rows at index 1 and 2
[[11 12 13 11]]

Delete specific elements in 2D Numpy Array by its index position

When we don’t mention axis value, the default value is none which means the array gets flattened. After that, we use np.delete() to delete elements from rows and columns. The function will return a flattened array without the deleted rows and column elements.

#program :

import numpy as np

arr2D = np.array([[11 ,12, 13, 11],
                [21, 22, 23, 24],
                [31, 32, 33, 34]])
arr2D = np.delete(arr2D, 2)
print('Modified 2D Numpy Array by removing element at row 0 column 2')
print(arr2D)

Output :
Modified 2D Numpy Array by removing element at row 0 column 2
[11 12 11 21 22 23 24 31 32 33 34]

In this tutorial, we will discuss the different methods to display full Dataframe i.e. print all rows & columns without truncation. So, get into this page and learn completely about Pandas dataframe in python i.e. how to print all rows & columns without truncation. Also, you can get a clear idea of how to display full dataframe from here. Pandas will be displayed column in the full dataframe.

• Display Full Contents of a Dataframe
• How to print an entire Pandas DataFrame in Python?
• Four Methods to Print the entire pandas Dataframe
• Use to_string() Method
• Use pd.option_context() Method
• Use pd.set_options() Method
• Use pd.to_markdown() Method

Display Full Contents of a Dataframe

Pandas implement an operating system to customize the behavior & display similar stuff. By applying this benefits module we can configure the display to show the complete dataframe rather than a truncated one. A function set_option()is provided in pandas to set this kind of option,

pandas.set_option(pat, value)

It sets the value of the defined option. Let’s use this to display the full contents of a dataframe.

Setting to display All rows of Dataframe

In pandas when we print a dataframe, it displays at max_rows number of rows. If we have more rows, then it truncates the rows.

pandas.options.display.max_rows

This option outlines the maximum number of rows that pandas will present while printing a dataframe. The default value of max_rows is 10.

In case, it is set to ‘None‘ then it implies unlimited i.e. pandas will display all the rows in the dataframe. Let’s set it to None while printing the contents of above-created dataframe empDfObj,

# Default value of display.max_rows is 10 i.e. at max 10 rows will be printed.
# Set it None to display all rows in the dataframe
pd.set_option('display.max_rows', None)

Let’s examine the contents of the dataframe again,

print(empDfObj)

Output: 

    A B ... Z AA
0 jack 34 ... 122 111
1 Riti 31 ... 222 211
2 Aadi 16 ... 322 311
3 Sunil 41 ... 422 411
4 Veena 33 ... 522 511
5 Shaunak 35 ... 622 611
6 Shaun 35 ... 722 711
7 jack 34 ... 122 111
8 Riti 31 ... 222 211
9 Aadi 16 ... 322 311
10 Sunil 41 ... 422 411
11 Veena 33 ... 522 511
12 Shaunak 35 ... 622 611
13 Shaun 35 ... 722 711
14 jack 34 ... 122 111
15 Riti 31 ... 222 211
16 Aadi 16 ... 322 311
17 Sunil 41 ... 422 411
18 Veena 33 ... 522 511
19 Shaunak 35 ... 622 611
20 Shaun 35 ... 722 711
21 jack 34 ... 122 111
22 Riti 31 ... 222 211
23 Aadi 16 ... 322 311
24 Sunil 41 ... 422 411
25 Veena 33 ... 522 511
26 Shaunak 35 ... 622 611
27 Shaun 35 ... 722 711
28 jack 34 ... 122 111
29 Riti 31 ... 222 211
30 Aadi 16 ... 322 311
31 Sunil 41 ... 422 411
32 Veena 33 ... 522 511
33 Shaunak 35 ... 622 611
34 Shaun 35 ... 722 711
35 jack 34 ... 122 111
36 Riti 31 ... 222 211
37 Aadi 16 ... 322 311
38 Sunil 41 ... 422 411
39 Veena 33 ... 522 511
40 Shaunak 35 ... 622 611
41 Shaun 35 ... 722 711
42 jack 34 ... 122 111
43 Riti 31 ... 222 211
44 Aadi 16 ... 322 311
45 Sunil 41 ... 422 411
46 Veena 33 ... 522 511
47 Shaunak 35 ... 622 611
48 Shaun 35 ... 722 711
49 jack 34 ... 122 111
50 Riti 31 ... 222 211
51 Aadi 16 ... 322 311
52 Sunil 41 ... 422 411
53 Veena 33 ... 522 511
54 Shaunak 35 ... 622 611
55 Shaun 35 ... 722 711
56 jack 34 ... 122 111
57 Riti 31 ... 222 211
58 Aadi 16 ... 322 311
59 Sunil 41 ... 422 411
60 Veena 33 ... 522 511
61 Shaunak 35 ... 622 611
62 Shaun 35 ... 722 711

[63 rows x 27 columns]

Also Check:

• Python – Ways to remove duplicates from list
• Convert integer to string in Python

How to print an entire Pandas DataFrame in Python?

When we use a print large number of a dataset then it truncates. In this article, we are going to see how to print the entire pandas Dataframe or Series without Truncation.

The complete data frame is not printed when the length exceeds.

import numpy as np
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
import pandas as pd
  
# Loading irirs dataset
data = load_iris()
df = pd.DataFrame(data.data,columns = data.feature_names)
print(df)

Output:

By default our complete contents of out dataframe are not printed, output got truncated. It printed only 10 rows all the remaining data is truncated. Now, what if we want to print the full dataframe without any truncation.

Four Methods to Print the entire pandas Dataframe

1. Use to_string() Method
2. Use pd.option_context() Method
3. Use pd.set_options() Method
4. Use pd.to_markdown() Method

1. Using to_string()

This is a very simple method. That is why it is not used for large files because it converts the entire data frame into a string object. But this works very well for data frames for size in the order of thousands.

import numpy as np
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
import pandas as pd
  
data = load_iris()
df = pd.DataFrame(data.data,
                  columns = data.feature_names)
  
# Convert the whole dataframe as a string and display
print(df.to_string())

Output:

So in the above example, you have seen it printed all columns without any truncation.

2. Using pd.option_context()

option_context() and set_option() both methods are identical but there is only one difference that is one changes the settings and the other do it only within the context manager scope.

import numpy as np
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
import pandas as pd
  
data = load_iris()
df = pd.DataFrame(data.data, 
                  columns = data.feature_names)
  
with pd.option_context('display.max_rows', None,'display.max_columns', None,
    'display.precision', 3,
                       ):
print(df)

Output:

In the above example, we are used ‘display.max_rows‘ but by default its value is 10 & if the dataframe has more rows it will truncate. So it will not be truncated we used None so all the rows are displayed.

3. Using pd.set_option()

This method is similar to pd.option_context() method and takes the same parameters. pd.reset_option(‘all’) used to reset all the changes.

import numpy as np
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
import pandas as pd
  
data = load_iris()
df = pd.DataFrame(data.data,
                  columns = data.feature_names)
  
# Permanently changes the pandas settings
pd.set_option('display.max_rows', None)
pd.set_option('display.max_columns', None)
pd.set_option('display.width', None)
pd.set_option('display.max_colwidth', -1)
  
# All dataframes hereafter reflect these changes.
print(df)
  
print('**RESET_OPTIONS**')
  
# Resets the options
pd.reset_option('all')
print(df)

Output:

**RESET_OPTIONS**

: boolean
use_inf_as_null had been deprecated and will be removed in a future
version. Use `use_inf_as_na` instead.

4. Using to_markdown()

This method is similar to the to_string() method as it also converts the data frame to a string object and also adds styling & formatting to it.

import numpy as np
from sklearn.datasets import load_iris
import pandas as pd
  
data = load_iris()
df = pd.DataFrame(data.data,
                  columns=data.feature_names)
  
# Converts the dataframe into str object with fromatting
print(df.to_markdown())

Output:

Want to expert in the python programming language? Exploring Python Data Analysis using Pandas tutorial changes your knowledge from basic to advance level in python concepts.

Read more Articles on Python Data Analysis Using Padas

• How to merge Dataframes using Dataframe.merge() in Python?
• How to merge Dataframes on specific columns or on index in Python?
• How to merge Dataframes by index using Dataframe.merge()?
• Count NaN or missing values in DataFrame
• Count rows in a dataframe | all or those only that satisfy a condition
• 6 Different ways to iterate over rows in a Dataframe & Update while iterating row by row
• Loop or Iterate over all or certain columns of a DataFrame

In this article, we will discuss different ways to delete the last column of a pandas dataframe in python or how to drop the last columns in Pandas Dataframe. Along with that, you may also study what is Dataframe and How to Remove a Column From a Python Dataframe? Also, you can find all these methods of a pandas dataframe to remove last column of a dataframe in the form of images for quick reference & easy sharing with friends and others learners.

• What is Dataframe?
• Various Methods for How to drop last columns in Pandas Dataframe
• Use iloc to drop last column of pandas dataframe
• Python drop() function to remove a column
• Python del keyword to remove the column
• Drop last columns of Pandas Dataframe Using Python dataframe.pop() method

What is Dataframe?

A Data structure provided by the Python Pandas module is known as a DataFrame. It stores values in the form of rows and columns. So, we can have the data in the form of a matrix outlining the entities as rows and columns. A DataFrame relates an Excel or CSV file to the real world.

Different Methods to Drop last columns in Pandas Dataframe

Here are few methods that are used to remove the last columns of DataFrame in Python.

1. Use iloc()
2. Use drop()
3. Use del()
4. Use pop()

Use iloc to drop last column of pandas dataframe

In this method, we are going to use iloc to drop the last column of the pandas dataframe. In python, pandas have an attribute iloc to select the specific column using indexing.

Syntax:

df.iloc[row_start:row_end , col_start, col_end]

So we will be using the above syntax which will give rows from row_star to row_end and columns from col_start to col_end1.

import pandas as pd
employees = [('Abhishek', 34, 'Sydney') ,
             ('Sumit', 31, 'Delhi') ,
             ('Sampad', 16, 'New York') ,
             ('Shikha', 32,'Delhi') , ]
#load data into a DataFrame object:
df = pd.DataFrame(employees, columns=['Name', 'Age', 'City'], index=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
print("Contents of the Dataframe : ")
print(df)
# Drop last column of a dataframe
df = df.iloc[: , :-1]
print("Modified Dataframe : ")
print(df)

Output:

Contents of the Dataframe :
        Name       Age   City
a     Abhishek   34     Sydney
b     Sumit        31     Delhi
c     Sampad     16     New York
d    Shikha        32     Delhi

Modified Dataframe :
        Name     Age
a     Abhishek 34
b     Sumit      31
c     Sampad  16
d     Shikha    32

So in the above example, we have to remove last column from dataframe which is ‘city’, so we just selected the column from position 0 till one before the last one…means from column 0 to -2 we selected 0 to -1, this deleted last column.

Must Check:

• Pandas: skip rows while reading csv file to a Dataframe using read_csv() in Python
• Pandas: Loop or Iterate over all or certain columns of a dataframe

Python drop() function to remove a column

In this, we are going to use drop() to remove the last column of the pandas dataframe.

This function accepts a sequence of column names that need to delete from the dataframe. Here we ‘axis=1’ for delete column only and ‘inplace=True’ we use to pass arguments.

import pandas as pd
employees = [('Abhishek', 34, 'Sydney') ,
             ('Sumit', 31, 'Delhi') ,
             ('Sampad', 16, 'New York') ,
             ('Shikha', 32,'Delhi') , ]
#load data into a DataFrame object:
df = pd.DataFrame(employees, columns=['Name', 'Age', 'City'], index=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
print("Contents of the Dataframe : ")
print(df)
# Drop last column
df.drop(columns=df.columns[-1], axis=1, inplace=True)
print("Modified Dataframe : ")
print(df)

Output:

Contents of the Dataframe :

       Name        Age   City
a     Abhishek   34     Sydney
b     Sumit        31     Delhi
c     Sampad     16     New York
d    Shikha        32     Delhi

Modified Dataframe :

       Name      Age
a     Abhishek   34
b     Sumit        31
c     Sampad    16
d     Shikha      32

Python del keyword to remove the column

Here we are going to use a del() keyword to drop last column of pandas dataframe.

So in this method, we are going to use del df[df.columns[-1]]for deleting the last column. We will use -1 because we are selecting from last.

import pandas as pd
employees = [('Abhishek', 34, 'Sydney') ,
             ('Sumit', 31, 'Delhi') ,
             ('Sampad', 16, 'New York') ,
             ('Shikha', 32,'Delhi') , ]
#load data into a DataFrame object:
df = pd.DataFrame(employees, columns=['Name', 'Age', 'City'], index=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
print("Contents of the Dataframe : ")
print(df)
# Delete last column
del df[df.columns[-1]]
print("Modified Dataframe : ")
print(df)

Output:

Contents of the Dataframe :
       Name     Age   City
a     Abhishek 34    Sydney
b      Sumit     31    Delhi
c     Sampad   16    New York
d     Shikha     32    Delhi
Modified Dataframe :
     Name      Age
a Abhishek    34
b Sumit          31
c Sampad      16
d Shikha        32

Drop last columns of Pandas Dataframe Using Python dataframe.pop() method

In this, we are going to use the pop(column_name) method to drop last column of pandas dataframe. It expects a column name as an argument and deletes that column from the calling dataframe object.

import pandas as pd
employees = [('Abhishek', 34, 'Sydney') ,
             ('Sumit', 31, 'Delhi') ,
             ('Sampad', 16, 'New York') ,
             ('Shikha', 32,'Delhi') , ]
#load data into a DataFrame object:
df = pd.DataFrame(employees, columns=['Name', 'Age', 'City'], index=['a', 'b', 'c', 'd'])
print("Contents of the Dataframe : ")
print(df)
df.pop(df.columns[-1])
print("Modified Dataframe : ")
print(df)

Output:

Contents of the Dataframe :

        Name    Age    City
a    Abhishek  34   Sydney
b    Sumit       31   Delhi
c    Sampad   16    New York
d   Shikha      32    Delhi

Modified Dataframe :

     Name      Age
a   Abhishek 34
b   Sumit      31
c   Sampad  16
d  Shikha     32

Conclusion to delete the last column of the dataframe

In the above tutorial, we have discussed different ways to delete last column of the dataframe in python. Also, you can learn how to drop last n rows in pandas dataframe by performing import pandas as pd. Thank you & Happy Learnings!

Wondering how to find if two numbers given are Amicable or Not? Then, you have come the right way as we will explain what are Amicable Numbers and Python Program to Check if Two Numbers are Amicable Numbers or not. Refer to the Various Methods for Checking if given Numbers are Amicable or Not and use the method you are comfortable with.

Amicable Numbers in Python

First and foremost, what exactly is this Amicable? We say two numbers are Amicable if the sum of their proper divisors is equal to the opposite numbers, that is, the sum of x’s divisors is equal to y and the sum of y’s divisors is equal to x. We can grasp it better by using an example.

Take 234 and 339 as two numbers; now find the divisors of 123 and 456; their sums will be sum1 and sum2, respectively. Then sum2 must equal 123 and sum1 must equal 456.

We should determine all the suitable divisors of x ,y and add them separately before matching them to the opposite numbers; if they match, we claim the two numbers are amicable; otherwise, we say they are not.

sumX=y,

sumY=x

Where sumX is the sum of all proper divisors of the number x.

Where sumY is the sum of all proper divisors of the number y.

Examples:

Example 1:

Input:

given number1 =220 ;       given number2=284

Output:

The given numbers 220 and 284 are amicable numbers

Example 2:

Input:

given number1= 339    ; given number2=134

Output:

The given numbers 339 and 134 are not amicable numbers

Python Program to Check Whether the given Two Numbers are Amicable Numbers or Not

There are several ways to check whether the given number is given Two Number are Amicable Numbers or Not, some of them are:

• Iterating from 2 to N-1
• Iterating from 2 to N/2
• Efficient Approach (Iterating till Square root of N)

Drive into Python Programming Examples and explore more instances related to python concepts so that you can become proficient in generating programs in Python Programming Language.

All of the methods follow a similar technique but differ in terms of time complexity. Methods for obtaining divisors are classified below based on their time complexity:

Method #1: Iterating from 2 to N-1

Approach:

• Take both integers and store them in different variables.
• Calculate the sum of the proper divisors of both numbers ( loop from 2 to given_number-1, keep track of the sum of the number’s proper divisors)
• Repeat the above step for number2
• Examine whether the total of the proper divisors equals the opposite numbers.
• They are amicable numbers if they are equal.
• The final result should be printed.

Below is the implementation:

# python program to cheeck whether the given number is Amicable numbers or not

# function which returns true if the given number is
# Amicable numbers else it will return False


def checkAmicableNumb(given_numb1, given_numb2):
    # Taking a variable totalSum1 and initializing it with 1
    totalSum1 = 1
    # Iterating from 2 to n-1
    for i in range(2, given_numb1):
        # if the iterator value is divides the number then add the given
        # number to totalSum1
        if given_numb1 % i == 0:
            totalSum1 += i
    # repeating the same step for number 2
    # Taking a variable totalSum2 and initializing it with 1
    totalSum2 = 1
    # Iterating from 2 to n-1
    for i in range(2, given_numb2):
        # if the iterator value is divides the number then add the given
        # number to totalSum2
        if given_numb2 % i == 0:
            totalSum2 += i

    # if the totalSum1 is equal to the given number2 and
    # totalSum2 is equal to the given number1 then both the numbers are amicable numbers
    # else they are not amicable numbers

    if(totalSum1 == given_numb2 and totalSum2 == given_numb1):
        # if it is true then they are amicable numbers so return true
        return True
    # if nothing is returned then they are not a amicable numbers so return False
    return False


# Given two numbers
# given number1(numb1)
given_numb1 = 220
# given number2(numb2)
given_numb2 = 284
# passing the given two numbers to checkAmicableNumb to check whether it is
# Amicable numbers or not
if(checkAmicableNumb(given_numb1, given_numb2)):
    print("The given numbers", given_numb1, "and",
          given_numb2, "are amicable numbers")
else:
    print("The given numbers", given_numb1, "and",
          given_numb2, "are not amicable numbers")

Output:

The given numbers 220 and 284 are amicable numbers

It requires O(n) Time Complexity.

Method #2:Iterating from 2 to N/2

Approach:

• Take both integers and store them in different variables.
• Calculate the sum of the proper divisors of both numbers ( loop from 2 to given_number//2, keep track of the sum of the number’s proper divisors)
• Repeat the above step for number2
• Examine whether the total of the proper divisors equals the opposite numbers.
• They are amicable numbers if they are equal.
• The final result should be printed.

Below is the implementation:

# python program to cheeck whether the given number is Amicable numbers or not

# function which returns true if the given number is
# Amicable numbers else it will return False


def checkAmicableNumb(given_numb1, given_numb2):
    # Taking a variable totalSum1 and initializing it with 1
    totalSum1 = 1
    # Iterating from 2 to n-1
    for i in range(2, given_numb1//2 + 1):
        # if the iterator value is divides the number then add the given
        # number to totalSum1
        if given_numb1 % i == 0:
            totalSum1 += i
    # repeating the same step for number 2
    # Taking a variable totalSum2 and initializing it with 1
    totalSum2 = 1
    # Iterating from 2 to n-1
    for i in range(2, given_numb2//2 + 1):
        # if the iterator value is divides the number then add the given
        # number to totalSum2
        if given_numb2 % i == 0:
            totalSum2 += i

    # if the totalSum1 is equal to the given number2 and
    # totalSum2 is equal to the given number1 then both the numbers are amicable numbers
    # else they are not amicable numbers

    if(totalSum1 == given_numb2 and totalSum2 == given_numb1):
        # if it is true then they are amicable numbers so return true
        return True
    # if nothing is returned then they are not a amicable numbers so return False
    return False


# Given two numbers
# given number1(numb1)
given_numb1 = 220
# given number2(numb2)
given_numb2 = 284
# passing the given two numbers to checkAmicableNumb to check whether it is
# Amicable numbers or not
if(checkAmicableNumb(given_numb1, given_numb2)):
    print("The given numbers", given_numb1, "and",
          given_numb2, "are amicable numbers")
else:
    print("The given numbers", given_numb1, "and",
          given_numb2, "are not amicable numbers")

Output:

The given numbers 220 and 284 are amicable numbers

It requires O(n) Time Complexity.

It reduces half the number of iterations.

Method #3: Efficient Approach (Iterating till Square root of N)

Approach:

• Take both integers and store them in different variables.
• Calculate the sum of the proper divisors of both numbers (go through the numbers till you get to the square root of n. If a number i divides n, then sum both i and n/i)
• Repeat the above step for number2
• Examine whether the total of the proper divisors equals the opposite numbers.
• They are amicable numbers if they are equal.
• The final result should be printed.

Below is the implementation:

# python program to cheeck whether the given number is Amicable numbers or not

# function which returns true if the given number is
# Amicable numbers else it will return False


def checkAmicableNumb(given_numb1, given_numb2):
    # Taking a variable totalSum1 and initializing it with 1
    totalSum1 = 1
    k = 2
    while k * k <= given_numb1:
        # if the iterator value is divides the number then add the given number to totalSum
        if given_numb1 % k == 0:
            totalSum1 = totalSum1 + k + given_numb1/k
        k += 1
    # repeating the same step for number 2
    # Taking a variable totalSum2 and initializing it with 1
    totalSum2 = 1
    k = 2
    while k * k <= given_numb2:
        # if the iterator value is divides the number then add the given number to totalSum
        if given_numb2 % k == 0:
            totalSum2 = totalSum2 + k + given_numb2/k
        k += 1

    # if the totalSum1 is equal to the given number2 and
    # totalSum2 is equal to the given number1 then both the numbers are amicable numbers
    # else they are not amicable numbers

    if(totalSum1 == given_numb2 and totalSum2 == given_numb1):
        # if it is true then they are amicable numbers so return true
        return True
    # if nothing is returned then they are not a amicable numbers so return False
    return False


# Given two numbers
# given number1(numb1)
given_numb1 = 220
# given number2(numb2)
given_numb2 = 284
# passing the given two numbers to checkAmicableNumb to check whether it is
# Amicable numbers or not
if(checkAmicableNumb(given_numb1, given_numb2)):
    print("The given numbers", given_numb1, "and",
          given_numb2, "are amicable numbers")
else:
    print("The given numbers", given_numb1, "and",
          given_numb2, "are not amicable numbers")

Output:

The given numbers 220 and 284 are amicable numbers

Here the given numbers 220 and 284 are amicable numbers.

This is the efficient approach to do the same problem quickly compared to the first two methods.

It requires O(Sqrt(n)) Time Complexity.

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